US
What is Braille? At first glance, it is just a set of points arranged in a certain way. But if to look a little bit deeper, you will understand that the principles of Braille are easy to learn.
Image of a letter in Braille consists of 6 points. They are arranged in columns in a 3 x 2 configuration. There is also 8-point Braille 2 more points (this means that each column has 4 points).
It is worth mentioning that one problem always occurs while teaching the blind to use Braille: the reading process is carried out with the help of convex points, so they should be pierced on the back side of a sheet (from right to left), but they are read usually – from left to right. When reading, points are numbered in columns top-down.
The formats of the sheets for printing in Braille can be different, which is most often caused by the national differences in typing. In Russia and other post-Soviet countries a sheet of paper contains 25 lines of 30 or 35 characters in each, and has the size 23*31 cm.
Traditional six-point Braille includes 64 characters, 63 of which are informative and space. And 8-point Braille contains 256 characters: 255 informative and space. As you can see, the number of characters is not very big, that is why one combination of points can have several meanings (in some cases this number can reach nearly ten).
Braille has already been adapted for different languages, even Chinese. For example, it has also been adapted for such rare languages as Guarani (common in Paraguay), the Tibetan language and Dzongkha (the official language of Bhutan). Braille is also used for writing musical notes.